Nkhani - Ndemanga ya tinyanga zopatsirana potengera ma metamatadium (Gawo 2)

2. Kugwiritsa ntchito MTM-TL mu Antenna Systems
Gawoli lidzayang'ana pa ma TL opangira ma metaterial ndi zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso zofunikira kuti athe kuzindikira mapangidwe osiyanasiyana a antenna okhala ndi mtengo wotsika, kupanga kosavuta, miniaturization, bandwidth yotakata, kupindula kwakukulu ndi magwiridwe antchito, kuthekera kojambula kosiyanasiyana komanso mawonekedwe otsika. Zakambidwa pansipa.

1. Broadband ndi multi-frequency antennas
Mu TL wamba yokhala ndi kutalika kwa l, pomwe ma frequency aang'ono ω0 aperekedwa, kutalika kwa magetsi (kapena gawo) la chingwe chotumizira kumatha kuwerengedwa motere:

Kumene vp ikuyimira liwiro la gawo la chingwe chotumizira. Monga momwe tawonera pamwambapa, bandwidth imagwirizana kwambiri ndi kuchedwa kwa gulu, komwe kumachokera ku φ ponena za pafupipafupi. Choncho, pamene kutalika kwa mzere wotumizira kumakhala kochepa, bandwidth imakhalanso yotakata. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, pali mgwirizano wosiyana pakati pa bandwidth ndi gawo lofunikira la mzere wotumizira, womwe ndi wokhazikika. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti m'mabwalo ogawidwa achikhalidwe, bandwidth yogwira ntchito siyosavuta kuwongolera. Izi zitha kutheka chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mizere yopatsirana mwachikhalidwe malinga ndi magawo a ufulu. Komabe, zinthu zotsitsa zimalola magawo owonjezera kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mu ma TL a metamaterial, ndipo kuyankha kwa gawo kumatha kuwongoleredwa pamlingo wina. Kuti muwonjezere bandwidth, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi malo otsetsereka omwe ali pafupi ndi ma frequency ogwiritsira ntchito mawonekedwe a kubalalitsidwa. TL yopangira metamaterial imatha kukwaniritsa cholinga ichi. Kutengera njira iyi, njira zambiri zolimbikitsira bandwidth ya tinyanga zimaperekedwa pamapepala. Akatswiri apanga ndi kupanga tinyanga ziwiri za burodibandi zodzaza ndi zolumikizira mphete zogawanika (onani Chithunzi 7). Zotsatira zomwe zikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 7 zikuwonetsa kuti mutatha kuyika resonator yogawanika ndi mlongoti wamtundu wa monopole, mawonekedwe otsika afupipafupi amakhala okondwa. Kukula kwa ring ring resonator kumakonzedwa kuti kukhale kumveka koyandikira kwa mlongoti wa monopole. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti ma resonances awiriwo akagwirizana, mawonekedwe a bandwidth ndi ma radiation a antenna amachulukitsidwa. Utali ndi m'lifupi mwa mlongoti wa monopole ndi 0.25λ0 × 0.11 λ0 ndi 0.25λ0 × 0.21 λ0 (4GHz), motero, utali ndi m'lifupi mwa mlongoti wa monopole wodzaza ndi cholumikizira mphete ndi 0.29λ0×0.21λ0 (2.9GHz) ), motero. Kwa mlongoti wamtundu wa F woboola pakati ndi T-woboola pakati popanda cholumikizira mphete, phindu lalikulu kwambiri komanso magwiridwe antchito a radiation mu gulu la 5GHz ndi 3.6dBi - 78.5% ndi 3.9dBi - 80.2%, motsatana. Kwa mlongoti wodzaza ndi resonator yogawanika, magawowa ndi 4dBi - 81.2% ndi 4.4dBi - 83%, motsatira, mu 6GHz band. Pokhazikitsa cholumikizira mphete ngati chofananira pa mlongoti wa monopole, magulu a 2.9GHz ~ 6.41GHz ndi 2.6GHz ~ 6.6GHz amatha kuthandizidwa, molingana ndi ma bandwidths a 75.4% ndi ~87%, motsatana. Zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa kuti bandwidth yoyezera imakhala bwino pafupifupi nthawi za 2.4 ndi nthawi za 2.11 poyerekeza ndi tinyanga tambiri tomwe timakhala tomwe timakhala tomwe timakhala tomwe timapanga.

Chithunzi 7. Tinyanga ziwiri za burodibandi zodzaza ndi zolumikizira mphete zogawanika.

Monga tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 8, zotsatira zoyeserera za mlongoti wosindikizidwa wa monopole zikuwonetsedwa. Pamene S11≤- 10 dB, bandwidth yogwiritsira ntchito ndi 185% (0.115-2.90 GHz), ndipo pa 1.45 GHz, kupindula kwakukulu ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi 2.35 dBi ndi 78.8%, motero. Maonekedwe a antenna ndi ofanana ndi mawonekedwe a mapepala a triangular kumbuyo ndi kumbuyo, omwe amadyetsedwa ndi curvilinear power divider. GND yocheperako imakhala ndi chiboliboli chapakati chomwe chimayikidwa pansi pa chodyetsa, ndipo mphete zinayi zotseguka zimagawidwa mozungulira, zomwe zimakulitsa bandwidth ya mlongoti. Nyangayo imawala pafupifupi mozungulira konsekonse, kuphimba magulu ambiri a VHF ndi S, ndi magulu onse a UHF ndi L. Kukula kwa thupi la mlongoti ndi 48.32 × 43.72 × 0.8 mm3, ndipo kukula kwa magetsi ndi 0.235λ0 × 0.211λ0 × 0.003λ0. Ili ndi maubwino ang'onoang'ono komanso otsika mtengo, ndipo ili ndi chiyembekezo chogwiritsa ntchito pamakina olumikizirana opanda zingwe.

Chithunzi 8: Mlongoti wa Monopole wodzaza ndi cholumikizira mphete.

Chithunzi 9 chikuwonetsa kapangidwe ka tinyanga tapulaneti topangidwa ndi mawiri awiri a zingwe za waya zolumikizidwa zokhazikika pa ndege yapansi yooneka ngati T kudzera panjira ziwiri. Kukula kwa mlongoti ndi 38.5 × 36.6 mm2 (0.070λ0 × 0.067λ0), pomwe λ0 ndi kutalika kwa danga kwa 0.55 GHz. Mlongoti amawonekera mozungulira mu E-ndege mu gulu lafupipafupi la 0.55 ~ 3.85 GHz, ndi phindu lalikulu la 5.5dBi pa 2.35GHz ndi mphamvu ya 90.1%. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mlongoti womwe ukufunsidwa ukhale woyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza UHF RFID, GSM 900, GPS, KPCS, DCS, IMT-2000, WiMAX, WiFi ndi Bluetooth.

Chithunzi cha 9.

2. Leaky Wave Antenna (LWA)
Mlongoti watsopano wotayikira ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira TL. Kwa ma antennas othamanga, zotsatira za gawo lokhazikika β pa ngodya ya radiation (θm) ndi m'lifupi mwake (Δθ) ndi motere:

L ndiye kutalika kwa mlongoti, k0 ndi nambala yoweyula mu malo aulere, ndipo λ0 ndi kutalika kwa mafunde mu malo aulere. Dziwani kuti ma radiation amapezeka pokhapokha |β|

3. Zero-order resonator mlongoti
Katundu wapadera wa CRLH metamaterial ndikuti β imatha kukhala 0 pomwe ma frequency sali ofanana ndi ziro. Kutengera malowa, resonator yatsopano ya zero-order (ZOR) ikhoza kupangidwa. Pamene β ndi ziro, palibe kusintha kwa gawo komwe kumachitika mu resonator yonse. Izi ndichifukwa choti kusintha kwa gawo nthawi zonse φ = - βd = 0. Kuonjezera apo, resonance imangotengera katundu wokhazikika ndipo imadalira kutalika kwa kapangidwe kake. Chithunzi 10 chikuwonetsa kuti mlongoti womwe waperekedwa umapangidwa poyika mayunitsi awiri kapena atatu okhala ndi mawonekedwe a E, ndipo kukula kwake ndi 0.017λ0 × 0.006λ0 × 0.001λ0 ndi 0.028λ0 × 0.008λ0 × 0.001 λ0, λ0, motsatana, λ0, motsatana wa malo aulere pakugwira ntchito pafupipafupi 500 MHz ndi 650 MHz, motero. Mlongoti umagwira ntchito pafupipafupi 0.5-1.35 GHz (0.85 GHz) ndi 0.65-1.85 GHz (1.2 GHz), yokhala ndi ma bandwidth 91.9% ndi 96.0%. Kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono ndi bandwidth yotakata, kupindula ndi mphamvu ya tinyanga zoyamba ndi zachiwiri ndi 5.3dBi ndi 85% (1GHz) ndi 5.7dBi ndi 90% (1.4GHz), motsatira.

Chithunzi 10 Zolinga za mlongoti wa E ndi katatu-E.

4. Kagawo Mlongoti
Njira yosavuta yaperekedwa kuti ikulitse kabowo ka CRLH-MTM, koma kukula kwake sikunasinthe. Monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 11, mlongotiyo umaphatikizapo mayunitsi a CRLH oyikidwa molunjika wina ndi mzake, omwe ali ndi zigamba ndi mizere yozungulira, ndipo pachigambacho pali kagawo ka S. Mlongoti umadyetsedwa ndi stub yofanana ndi CPW, ndipo kukula kwake ndi 17.5 mm × 32.15 mm × 1.6 mm, yofanana ndi 0.204λ0 × 0.375λ0 × 0.018λ0, pamene λ0 (3.5GHz) imayimira kutalika kwa malo aulere. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti mlongoti umagwira ntchito pafupipafupi 0.85-7.90GHz, ndipo bandwidth yake yogwiritsira ntchito ndi 161.14%. Kupindula kwakukulu kwa ma radiation ndi mphamvu ya mlongoti kumawoneka pa 3.5GHz, yomwe ndi 5.12dBi ndi ~ 80%, motsatira.