Mu gawo la zida zamagetsi zamagetsi, ma antenna a RF ndi ma antenna a microwave nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka, koma kwenikweni pali kusiyana kwakukulu. Nkhaniyi imachita kusanthula kwaukadaulo kuchokera ku magawo atatu: tanthauzo la gulu la ma frequency, mfundo ya kapangidwe, ndi njira zopangira, makamaka kuphatikiza ukadaulo wofunikira mongachotsukira vacuum.
RF MISONg'anjo Yopangira Zitsulo Zotsukira
1. Mtundu wa bandeji ya pafupipafupi ndi mawonekedwe akuthupi
Antena ya RF:
Bandi yogwiritsira ntchito ma frequency ndi 300 kHz - 300 GHz, yomwe imakhudza ma wave apakatikati (535-1605 kHz) mpaka ma millimeter wave (30-300 GHz), koma ma core applications amakhala mu < 6 GHz (monga 4G LTE, WiFi 6). Kutalika kwa ma wave ndikutali (centimeter to meter level), kapangidwe kake makamaka ndi dipole ndi whip antenna, ndipo kulekerera kumakhala kochepa (±1% kutalika kwa ma wave ndikovomerezeka).
Antena ya maikulowevu:
Makamaka 1 GHz - 300 GHz (mafunde a microwave mpaka millimeter), ma frequency band omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri monga X-band (8-12 GHz) ndi Ka-band (26.5-40 GHz). Zofunikira pa kutalika kwa nthawi (milimita):
✅ Kulondola kwa kusanthula kwa submillimeter (kulekerera ≤±0.01λ)
✅ Kuwongolera mwamphamvu kuuma kwa pamwamba (< 3μm Ra)
✅ Gawo la dielectric lotsika mtengo (ε r ≤2.2, tanδ≤0.001)
2. Kuchuluka kwa ukadaulo wopanga zinthu
Kugwira ntchito kwa ma antenna a microwave kumadalira kwambiri ukadaulo wapamwamba wopanga:
| Ukadaulo | Antena ya RF | Antena ya mayikirowevu |
| Ukadaulo wolumikizira | Kusokera/Kulumikiza ndi kagwere | Zotsukira Zopanda Zitsulo |
| Ogulitsa Achizolowezi | Fakitale Yamagetsi Yaikulu | Makampani Opangira Zinthu Zo ... |
| Zofunikira pakuwotcherera | Kulumikizana kwa conductor | Kulowa kwa okosijeni kosakwanira, kukonzanso kapangidwe ka tirigu |
| Miyeso Yofunika | Kukana pa <50mΩ | Kufananiza kwa coefficient yowonjezera kutentha (ΔCTE<1ppm/℃) |
Mtengo wofunikira wa vacuum brazing mu ma antenna a microwave:
1. Kulumikizana kopanda okosijeni: kuyika mu vacuum ya 10 -5 Torr kuti mupewe okosijeni wa Cu/Al alloys ndikusunga conductivity >98% IACS
2. Kuchotsa kupsinjika kwa kutentha: kutentha kwa gradient pamwamba pa madzi a zinthu zomangira (monga BAISi-4 alloy, liquidus 575℃) kuti achotse mikwingwirima yaying'ono
3. Kuwongolera kusintha: kusintha konse <0.1mm/m2 kuti zitsimikizire kuti gawo la mafunde a millimeter ndi lofanana
3. Kuyerekeza magwiridwe antchito amagetsi ndi zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito
Makhalidwe a radiation:
1.Antena ya RF: makamaka yowunikira mbali zonse, phindu ≤10 dBi
2.Antena ya microwave: yolunjika kwambiri (m'lifupi mwake 1°-10°), onjezerani 15-50 dBi
Ntchito wamba:
| Antena ya RF | Antena ya mayikirowevu |
| Nsanja ya wailesi ya FM | Zigawo za Radar ya Phased Array T/R |
| Masensa a IoT | Kulankhulana kwa satellite |
| Ma RFID Tags | 5G mmWave AAU |
4. Kusiyana kwa kutsimikizira mayeso
Antena ya RF:
- Kuyang'ana Kwambiri: Kufananiza kwa Impedance (VSWR < 2.0)
- Njira: Kusaka pafupipafupi kwa Vector network analyzer
Antena ya maikulowevu:
- Kuyang'ana Kwambiri: Kapangidwe ka radiation/gawo logwirizana
- Njira: Kusanthula pafupi ndi munda (kulondola kwa λ/50), kuyesa kwa gawo laling'ono
Pomaliza: Ma antenna a RF ndiye maziko a kulumikizana kwa waya kosalekeza, pomwe ma antenna a microwave ndiye maziko a machitidwe apamwamba komanso olondola kwambiri. Madzi pakati pa awiriwa ndi awa:
1. Kuwonjezeka kwa ma frequency kumabweretsa kufupika kwa mafunde, zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kwa kapangidwe kake.
2. Kusintha kwa njira zopangira - ma antenna a microwave amadalira ukadaulo wamakono monga vacuum brazing kuti atsimikizire kuti ikugwira ntchito bwino
3. Kuvuta kwa mayeso kumakula kwambiri
Mayankho a vacuum brazing operekedwa ndi makampani aluso opangira ma brazing monga Solar Atmospheres akhala chitsimikizo chachikulu cha kudalirika kwa machitidwe a mafunde a millimeter. Pamene 6G ikukula kufika pa terahertz frequency band, kufunika kwa njirayi kudzaonekera kwambiri.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza ma antenna, chonde pitani ku:
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-30-2025
