1. Chiyambi cha Tinyanga
Mlongoti ndi njira yosinthira pakati pa malo omasuka ndi chingwe chotumizira, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1. Mzere wotumizira ukhoza kukhala ngati mzere wa coaxial kapena chubu chopanda kanthu (waveguide), chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza mphamvu yamagetsi kuchokera ku gwero. kupita ku mlongoti, kapena kuchokera ku mlongoti kupita ku cholandira.Yoyamba ndi mlongoti wotumizira, ndipo yomaliza ndi kulandiramlongoti.
Chithunzi 1 Njira yotumizira mphamvu ya Electromagnetic
Kutumiza kwa dongosolo la antenna mu njira yopatsirana ya Chithunzi 1 imayimiridwa ndi kufanana kwa Thevenin monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 2, pomwe gwero likuimiridwa ndi jenereta yabwino ya chizindikiro, mzere wotumizira umayimiridwa ndi mzere wokhala ndi khalidwe la impedance Zc, ndi mlongoti umaimiridwa ndi katundu ZA [ZA = (RL + Rr) + jXA].Kukana kwa katundu RL kumayimira kutayika kwa ma conduction ndi dielectric komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kapangidwe ka mlongoti, pomwe Rr imayimira kukana kwa ma radiation a antenna, ndipo mawonekedwe a XA amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyimira gawo longoyerekeza la kutsekeka komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi radiation ya antenna.Pansi pazikhalidwe zabwino, mphamvu zonse zomwe zimapangidwa ndi gwero lazizindikiro ziyenera kusamutsidwa ku radiation resistance Rr, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyimira mphamvu ya radiation ya mlongoti.Komabe, muzogwiritsira ntchito, pali zotayika za conductor-dielectric chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a chingwe chotumizira ndi mlongoti, komanso kutayika komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusinkhasinkha (kusagwirizana) pakati pa chingwe chotumizira ndi mlongoti.Poganizira za kutsekeka kwamkati kwa gwero ndikunyalanyaza mzere wotumizira ndi kutayika (kusagwirizana) kutayika, mphamvu yayikulu imaperekedwa ku mlongoti pansi pa mafananidwe a conjugate.
Chithunzi 2
Chifukwa cha kusagwirizana pakati pa chingwe chotumizira ndi mlongoti, mafunde omwe amawonekera kuchokera pamawonekedwe amapangidwa pamwamba ndi mafunde a zochitika kuchokera ku gwero kupita ku mlongoti kuti apange mafunde oima, omwe amaimira kusungirako mphamvu ndi kusungirako ndipo ndi chipangizo chodziwika bwino.Mchitidwe wa mafunde woyimirira umasonyezedwa ndi mzere wa madontho mu Chithunzi 2. Ngati dongosolo la antenna silinapangidwe bwino, chingwe chotumizira chikhoza kukhala ngati chinthu chosungira mphamvu m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito ma waveguide ndi chipangizo chotumizira mphamvu.
Zowonongeka zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha chingwe chotumizira, mlongoti ndi mafunde oyimilira ndizosayenera.Kutayika kwa mzere kumatha kuchepetsedwa posankha mizere yochepetsera yotsika, pomwe kutayika kwa antenna kumatha kuchepetsedwa mwa kuchepetsa kukana kotayika komwe kumaimiridwa ndi RL mu Chithunzi 2. Mafunde oyimilira amatha kuchepetsedwa ndipo kusungirako mphamvu pamzere kumatha kuchepetsedwa pofananiza kusagwirizana kwa mlongoti (katundu) wokhala ndi vuto la mzere.
M'makina opanda zingwe, kuwonjezera pa kulandira kapena kutumiza mphamvu, tinyanga zimafunikanso kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu zowulutsira mbali zina ndi kupondereza mphamvu zowunikira mbali zina.Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pa zida zowunikira, tinyanga ziyenera kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati zida zowongolera.Tinyanga zimatha kukhala m'njira zosiyanasiyana kuti zikwaniritse zosowa zenizeni.Itha kukhala waya, kabowo, chigamba, gulu lazinthu (zosanjikiza), chowunikira, lens, ndi zina zambiri.
M'makina olumikizirana opanda zingwe, tinyanga ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri.Mapangidwe abwino a antenna amatha kuchepetsa zofunikira zamakina ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito onse.Chitsanzo chapamwamba ndi kanema wawayilesi, komwe kulandirira kowulutsa kumatha kupitsidwanso pogwiritsa ntchito tinyanga tapamwamba kwambiri.Tinyanga ndi njira zolumikizirana zomwe maso alili kwa anthu.
2. Gulu la Antenna
Mlongoti wa nyanga ndi mlongoti wa planar, mlongoti wa microwave wokhala ndi gawo lozungulira kapena lozungulira lomwe limatsegulidwa pang'onopang'ono kumapeto kwa waveguide.Ndiwo mtundu wogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri wa mlongoti wa microwave.Malo ake a radiation amatsimikiziridwa ndi kukula kwa pobowo la nyanga ndi mtundu wa kufalikira kwake.Pakati pawo, chikoka cha nyanga khoma pa ma radiation akhoza kuwerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya geometric diffraction.Ngati kutalika kwa nyanga kumakhalabe kosasinthika, kukula kwa kabowo ndi kusiyana kwa gawo la quadratic kudzawonjezeka ndi kuwonjezeka kwa nyanga yotsegula, koma phindu silingasinthe ndi kukula kwake.Ngati gulu lafupipafupi la nyanga liyenera kukulitsidwa, m'pofunika kuchepetsa kusinkhasinkha pakhosi ndi kutsegula kwa nyanga;kusinkhasinkha kudzachepa pamene kukula kwa kabowo kukuwonjezeka.Kapangidwe ka mlongoti wa nyanga ndi wosavuta, ndipo mawonekedwe a radiation nawonso ndi osavuta komanso osavuta kuwongolera.Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mlongoti wapakati.Parabolic reflector horn antennas okhala ndi bandwidth yotakata, ma lobes ammbali otsika komanso kuchita bwino kwambiri nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana ndi ma microwave.
RM-DCPHA105145-20(10.5-14.5GHz)
RM-BDHA1850-20(18-50GHz)
RM-SGHA430-10(1.70-2.60GHz)
2. Mlongoti wa Microstrip
Kapangidwe ka antenna ya microstrip nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi dielectric substrate, radiator ndi ndege yapansi.Makulidwe a gawo lapansi la dielectric ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa kutalika kwa mafunde.Chitsulo chochepa kwambiri chachitsulo pansi pa gawo lapansi chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi ndege yapansi, ndipo chitsulo chochepa kwambiri chokhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera chimapangidwa kutsogolo kupyolera mu ndondomeko ya photolithography monga radiator.Mawonekedwe a radiator amatha kusinthidwa m'njira zambiri malinga ndi zofunikira.
Kukwera kwaukadaulo wophatikizira ma microwave ndi njira zatsopano zopangira zalimbikitsa kukula kwa tinyanga ta microstrip.Poyerekeza ndi tinyanga tachikhalidwe, tinyanga ta microstrip siting'onoting'ono, kukula kwake, kulemera kwake, kutsika, kosavuta kutsata, komanso kosavuta kuphatikizira, kutsika mtengo, koyenera kupanga misa, komanso kukhala ndi maubwino amitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagetsi. .
RM-MA424435-22(4.25-4.35GHz)
RM-MA25527-22 (25.5-27GHz)
Waveguide slot antenna ndi mlongoti womwe umagwiritsa ntchito mipata mu mawonekedwe a waveguide kuti akwaniritse ma radiation.Nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zitsulo ziwiri zofananira zomwe zimapanga ma waveguide okhala ndi mpata wopapatiza pakati pa mbale ziwirizo.Mafunde a electromagnetic akadutsa pampata wa waveguide, chodabwitsa cha resonance chimachitika, potero ndikupanga gawo lamphamvu lamagetsi pafupi ndi mpata kuti mukwaniritse ma radiation.Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake osavuta, ma waveguide slot mlongoti amatha kukwaniritsa burodibandi ndi ma radiation apamwamba kwambiri, motero amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu radar, kulumikizana, masensa opanda zingwe ndi magawo ena mu ma microwave ndi ma millimeter wave band.Ubwino wake umaphatikizira kuchita bwino kwa ma radiation, mawonekedwe a Broadband komanso luso loletsa kusokoneza, motero amakondedwa ndi mainjiniya ndi ofufuza.
RM-PA7087-43 (71-86GHz)
RM-PA1075145-32 (10.75-14.5GHz)
RM-SWA910-22(9-10GHz)
Biconical Antenna ndi mlongoti wa Broadband wokhala ndi mawonekedwe a biconical, omwe amadziwika ndi kuyankha pafupipafupi komanso kuchita bwino kwa ma radiation.Magawo awiri ozungulira a mlongoti wa biconical ndi ofanana.Kupyolera mu dongosololi, ma radiation ogwira ntchito mumagulu afupipafupi amatha kupezeka.Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo monga kusanthula kwa sipekitiramu, kuyeza kwa radiation ndi kuyesa kwa EMC (electromagnetic compatibility).Ili ndi mawonekedwe abwino ofananira ndi ma radiation ndipo ndiyoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe omwe amafunikira kuphimba ma frequency angapo.
RM-BCA2428-4 (24-28GHz)
RM-BCA218-4(2-18GHz)
Spiral antenna ndi mlongoti wa Broadband wokhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, omwe amadziwika ndi kuyankha pafupipafupi komanso kuchita bwino kwa ma radiation.Spiral antenna imakwaniritsa kusiyanasiyana kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mawonekedwe a radiation yamagulu ambiri kudzera m'mapangidwe a ma spiral coil, ndipo ndiyoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito radar, kulumikizana kwa satellite ndi makina olumikizirana opanda zingwe.
RM-PSA0756-3(0.75-6GHz)
RM-PSA218-2R(2-18GHz)
Kuti mudziwe zambiri za antennas, chonde pitani:
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-14-2024
