Kuchita bwino kwa amlongotiamatanthauza kuthekera kwa mlongoti kusintha mphamvu yamagetsi yolowetsa kukhala mphamvu yowunikira.Polankhulana opanda zingwe, mphamvu ya antenna imakhudza kwambiri khalidwe la kutumizira ma signal ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.
Kuchita bwino kwa antenna kumatha kuwonetsedwa ndi njira iyi:
Kuchita bwino = (mphamvu yoyaka / mphamvu yolowera) * 100%
Pakati pawo, mphamvu yowunikira ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yowulutsidwa ndi mlongoti, ndipo mphamvu yolowetsa ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yolowera mumlongoti.
Kuchita bwino kwa mlongoti kumakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo kamangidwe ka mlongoti, zinthu, kukula kwake, kagwiritsidwe ntchito kake, ndi zina zotero. Nthawi zambiri, mphamvu ya mlongoti ikakhala yokwera kwambiri, imatha kusintha mphamvu yamagetsi kuti ikhale mphamvu yowunikira kwambiri. kupititsa patsogolo kayendedwe ka mauthenga ndi kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.
Chifukwa chake, kuchita bwino ndikofunikira popanga ndikusankha tinyanga, makamaka pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira kutumizirana mtunda wautali kapena kukhala ndi zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.
1. Kuchita bwino kwa mlongoti
Chithunzi 1
Lingaliro lakuchita bwino kwa mlongoti limatha kufotokozedwa pogwiritsa ntchito Chithunzi 1.
Mphamvu yonse ya mlongoti e0 imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwerengera kutayika kwa mlongoti pakulowetsa ndi mkati mwa kapangidwe ka mlongoti.Potengera Chithunzi 1(b), zotayika izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha:
1. Zowunikira chifukwa cha kusagwirizana pakati pa chingwe chotumizira ndi mlongoti;
2. Kondakitala ndi dielectric zotayika.
Kukwanira kwathunthu kwa antenna kumatha kupezeka munjira iyi:
Ndiko kuti, kukwanira kwathunthu = chinthu chosagwirizana bwino, kuyendetsa bwino kwa conductor ndi dielectric.
Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuwerengera mphamvu ya conductor ndi dielectric, koma zimatha kutsimikiziridwa ndi kuyesa.Komabe, kuyesa sikungathe kusiyanitsa zotayika ziwirizi, kotero njira yomwe ili pamwambapa ikhoza kulembedwanso motere:
ecd ndiye mphamvu yama radiation ya tinyanga ndipo Γ ndiye gawo lowonetsera.
2. Pezani ndi Kupeza Phindu
Metric ina yothandiza pofotokozera magwiridwe antchito a antenna ndikupindula.Ngakhale kupindula kwa mlongoti kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi chiwongolero, ndi chizindikiro chomwe chimaganizira zonse zomwe zimagwira bwino ntchito komanso kuwongolera kwa mlongoti.Directivity ndi chizindikiro chomwe chimangofotokoza momwe antenna amawongolera, chifukwa chake imatsimikiziridwa ndi mawonekedwe a radiation.
Kupindula kwa mlongoti kumalo otchulidwa kumatanthauzidwa ngati "4π nthawi ya chiŵerengero cha mphamvu ya ma radiation kumbali imeneyo ndi mphamvu zonse zolowetsa."Ngati palibe chitsogozo chomwe chafotokozedwa, kupindula komwe kumayendera ma radiation ambiri kumatengedwa.Choncho, pali zambiri:
Kawirikawiri, amatanthauza kupindula kwachibale, komwe kumatanthauzidwa kuti "chiŵerengero cha kupindula kwa mphamvu m'njira yodziwika ku mphamvu ya mlongoti wofotokozera m'njira yofotokozera".Mphamvu yolowetsa mu mlongotiyi iyenera kukhala yofanana.Mlongoti wolozera ukhoza kukhala vibrator, nyanga kapena mlongoti wina.Nthawi zambiri, gwero lopanda mayendedwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mlongoti.Chifukwa chake:
Mgwirizano wapakati pa mphamvu zonse zowunikira ndi mphamvu zonse zolowetsa ndi motere:
Malinga ndi muyezo wa IEEE, "Kupindula sikuphatikiza zotayika chifukwa cha kusagwirizana (kutayika kwamalingaliro) ndi kusagwirizana kwa polarization (kutaya)."Pali malingaliro awiri opindula, imodzi imatchedwa phindu (G) ndipo ina imatchedwa phindu lotheka (Gre), lomwe limaganizira zotayika / zotayika.
Ubale pakati pa phindu ndi chiwongolero ndi:
Ngati mlongoti ukugwirizana bwino ndi mzere wotumizira, ndiye kuti, kulowetsedwa kwa mlongoti wa Zin kuli kofanana ndi chikhalidwe cha Zc cha mzere (|Γ| = 0), ndiye kuti phindu ndi phindu lotheka ndilofanana (Gre = G ).
Kuti mudziwe zambiri za antennas, chonde pitani:
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-14-2024
