AntenaKupeza phindu ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri mu makina olumikizirana opanda zingwe, chifukwa limatsimikizira kuthekera kwa antenna kuwongolera kapena kuyika mphamvu ya ma frequency a wailesi mbali inayake. Kupeza antenna yochuluka kumawongolera mphamvu ya ma signali, kumakulitsa kulumikizana, komanso kumawonjezera magwiridwe antchito a dongosolo lonse. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza njira zothandiza zowonjezerera phindu la antenna, kuyang'ana kwambiri mfundo zopangira, njira zowongolera, ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba.
1. Konzani Kapangidwe ka Antena
Kupindula kwa antenna kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi kapangidwe kake ka thupi. Njira imodzi yothandiza kwambiri yowonjezera phindu ndikugwiritsa ntchito antenna yolunjika, monga Yagi-Uda, parabolic reflector, kapena patch antenna, yomwe imayang'ana mphamvu mbali inayake m'malo moiunikira mbali zonse. Mwachitsanzo, ma antenna a parabolic reflector amapeza phindu lalikulu poika zizindikiro pamalo ofunikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kulankhulana patali.
2. Wonjezerani Kukula kwa Antena
Kuchuluka kwa ma antenna kumagwirizana ndi kutseguka kwake kogwira mtima, komwe kumagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kukula kwake kwakuthupi. Ma antenna akuluakulu amatha kugwira kapena kutulutsa mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwonjezeka kwakukulu. Mwachitsanzo, ma antenna a dish okhala ndi mainchesi akuluakulu amapereka kuwonjezeka kwakukulu chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa malo awo pamwamba. Komabe, njira iyi imachepetsedwa ndi zoletsa monga malo ndi mtengo.
3. Gwiritsani ntchitoMa Antena Arrays
Ma antenna a gulu la ma antenna amakhala ndi ma antenna angapo omwe amakonzedwa mwanjira inayake. Mwa kuphatikiza zizindikiro kuchokera ku zinthu izi, gulu la ma antenna limatha kupeza phindu lalikulu komanso chitsogozo chapamwamba. Ma antenna a gulu la magawo, mwachitsanzo, amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosinthira magawo kuti ayendetse kuwala kwa magetsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale phindu lalikulu komanso kusinthasintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka magetsi.
RM-PA1075145-32
RM-PA7087-43
RM-SWA910-22
4. Kuwongolera Kugwiritsa Ntchito Bwino kwa Zakudya
Dongosolo loperekera mphamvu, lomwe limasamutsa mphamvu pakati pa chotumizira/cholandirira ndi antenna, limagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pozindikira phindu. Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zotaya pang'ono komanso kukonza netiweki yoperekera mphamvu kungachepetse kutayika kwa mphamvu ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito onse. Mwachitsanzo, zingwe za coaxial zokhala ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu kapena ma waveguide feeds zitha kuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito.
5. Chepetsani Zotayika
Kutayika mu dongosolo la antenna, monga kutayika kwa resistive, kutayika kwa dielectric, ndi kusagwirizana kwa impedance, kungachepetse kwambiri phindu. Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zoyendetsera mphamvu (monga mkuwa kapena aluminiyamu) pa kapangidwe ka antenna ndi zipangizo zoyendetsera mphamvu zotsika mtengo pa substrates kungachepetse kutayika kumeneku. Kuphatikiza apo, kuonetsetsa kuti impedance ikugwirizana bwino pakati pa antenna ndi chingwe chotumizira magetsi kumawonjezera kusamutsa mphamvu ndikuwonjezera phindu.
6. Gwiritsani ntchito Owonetsa ndi Otsogolera
Mu ma antenna olunjika monga ma antenna a Yagi-Uda, ma reflector ndi ma director amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera phindu. Ma reflector amayikidwa kumbuyo kwa chinthu chowala kuti atsogolere mphamvu patsogolo, pomwe ma director amayikidwa kutsogolo kuti ayang'ane kuwala patsogolo. Kutalikirana bwino ndi kukula kwa zinthuzi kungathandize kwambiri phindu ndi kuwongolera.
Mapeto
Kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma antenna kumaphatikizapo kuphatikiza kapangidwe kosamala, kusankha zinthu, ndi njira zapamwamba. Mwa kukonza kapangidwe ka antenna, kuchepetsa kutayika, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo monga ma antenna arrays ndi beamforming, ndizotheka kukwaniritsa kusintha kwakukulu pakuwonjezeka ndi magwiridwe antchito onse a dongosolo. Zowonjezera izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito kuyambira kulumikizana popanda zingwe mpaka machitidwe a radar ndi satellite.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza ma antenna, chonde pitani ku:
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-21-2025
