The ogwira osiyanasiyana amicrowave antennazimatengera kuchuluka kwa ma frequency ake, kupindula, ndi momwe amagwiritsira ntchito. Pansipa pali kuwonongeka kwaukadaulo kwamitundu yodziwika bwino ya tinyanga:
1. Frequency Band & Range Correlation
- E-band Antenna (60–90 GHz):
Maulalo amfupi, okwera kwambiri (1-3 km) a 5G backhaul ndi ma comms ankhondo. Kutsika kwa mumlengalenga kumafika 10 dB/km chifukwa cha kuyamwa kwa okosijeni. - Ka-band Antenna (26.5–40 GHz):
Masewero a satellite amakwaniritsa 10-50 km (pansi-to-LEO) ndi 40+ dBi phindu. Kutha kwa mvula kumatha kuchepetsa ndi 30%. - 2.60–3.95 GHzAntenna ya Horn:
Kufalikira kwapakati (5-20 km) kwa radar ndi IoT, kusanja kulowa komanso kuchuluka kwa data.
2. Mtundu wa Mlongoti & Magwiridwe
| Mlongoti | Mapindu Odziwika | Max Range | Gwiritsani Ntchito Case |
|---|---|---|---|
| Antenna ya Biconical | 2-6 dBi | <1 km (mayeso a EMC) | Matenda amfupi |
| Standard Gain Horn | 12-20 dBi | 3-10 Km | Calibration/muyeso |
| Microstrip Array | 15-25 dBi | 5-50 Km | 5G base station/Satcom |
3. Zofunikira Zowerengera Zosiyanasiyana
Kuyerekezera kwa Friis transmission equation kusiyanasiyana (*d*):
d = (λ/4π) × √(P_t × G_t × G_r / P_r)
Kumene:
P_t = Mphamvu zotumizira (mwachitsanzo, radar ya 10W)
G_t, G_r = zopindula za mlongoti wa Tx/Rx (mwachitsanzo, nyanga ya 20 dBi)
P_r = Kukhudzika kwa Wolandira (mwachitsanzo, -90 dBm)
Langizo Lothandiza: Pa maulalo a satelayiti a Ka-band, phatikizani nyanga yopeza ndalama zambiri (30+ dBi) yokhala ndi zokulitsa phokoso lotsika (NF <1 dB).
4. Malire a Zachilengedwe
Kuchepetsa Mvula: Ma siginecha a Ka-band amataya 3–10 dB/km pamvula yamphamvu.
Kufalikira kwa Beam: Gulu la 25 dBi microstrip pa 30 GHz lili ndi 2.3 ° beamidth - yoyenera maulalo olunjika mpaka-pamalo.
Kutsiliza: Miyezo ya tinyanga ta Microwave imasiyana kuchokera pa <1 km (mayeso a Biconical EMC) mpaka 50+ km (Ka-band satcom). Konzani bwino posankha tinyanga za E-/Ka-band za ma throughput kapena nyanga za 2–4 GHz kuti mukhale odalirika.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri za antennas, chonde pitani:
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-08-2025
