Kodi PESA Radar ndi chiyani? Momwe Imagwirira Ntchito ndi Zomwe Mainjiniya Ayenera Kuyang'ana

Chojambulira chamagetsi chosakanizidwa, kapena radar ya PESA, nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka RF kotumizira/kulandira komwe kali pakati kuti kapereke zinthu zambiri za antenna kudzera mu netiweki yogawa. Kusintha kwa gawo lolamulidwa ndi magetsi kumayika gawo logwirizana pa zinthuzo, kotero kuwala kophatikizana kumapanga kuwala kolunjika. Kutseguka kwathunthu sikuyenera kuzungulira mwamakina pakusintha kulikonse kolunjika.

Yankho lachangu:PESA imapereka chiwongolero chamagetsi chokhala ndi kapangidwe ka RF kofanana ndi ka centralized. Kugwira ntchito kwake kwenikweni kumadalira zambiri kuposa chidule. Mainjiniya ayenera kutsimikizira kukwera kwa ngodya yowunikira, kutayika kwa netiweki, bandwidth yogwirira ntchito, ma sidelobes, polarization, calibration, duty cycle, thermal limit ndi muyeso wa ndege asanasankhe ngati kapangidwe kake kakugwirizana ndi ntchitoyo.

Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa mfundo zomwe zimayesedwa pa boresight yokha zimatha kubisa mikhalidwe yomwe imalamulira magwiridwe antchito amunda. Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa peak sikuwonetsa momwe kuwala kumasinthira pafupi ndi m'mphepete mwa gawo la scan. Kuchuluka kwa ma frequency ogwiritsira ntchito sikutsimikizira kuti kuloza kuwala kumakhala kokhazikika pa band yonse. Magawo otsatirawa akufotokoza momwe PESA imagwirira ntchito komanso mafunso omwe amachepetsa chiopsezo chophatikizana.

Kodi Radar ya PESA Imagwira Ntchito Bwanji?

Kapangidwe ka PESA kangathe kukhazikitsidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, koma njira ya chizindikiro nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi magawo asanu ogwira ntchito. Makina ena amagwiritsa ntchito ma subarrays kapena njira zosafunikira, kotero chithunzi cha block chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse poyerekeza ndi kapangidwe kake.

1. Kupanga mawonekedwe a mafunde ndi kusintha kwa RF. Chotulutsa chimapanga mawonekedwe a mafunde ofunikira ndikuchisintha kukhala ma frequency ogwiritsira ntchito. Kenako chotumizira chimakweza chizindikirocho kufika pamlingo wamagetsi ofunikira.
2. Kugawa mphamvu. Netiweki yotumizira magetsi imagawa chizindikiro chotumizidwa pakati pa njira zambiri. Netiwekiyo ingagwiritse ntchito ma waveguide, mizere yotumizira magetsi, zogawa mphamvu, zolumikizira ndi zigawo zina za microwave.
3. Kulamulira magawo. Kusintha kwa magawo mu njira iliyonse ya chinthu, kapena mu njira iliyonse ya subarray, kumasintha gawo la chizindikiro malinga ndi malangizo olamulidwa a beam. Kupita patsogolo kwa gawo kudutsa mu aperture kumatsimikiza komwe kusokoneza kwa zomangamanga kumachitika.
4. Kuwala ndi kupangika kwa denga. Zinthu za antenna zimawulukira pamodzi. Minda yawo imawonjezera mphamvu mbali yosankhidwa ndikusiya pang'ono mbali zina, zomwe zimapangitsa denga lalikulu ndi mbali zake.
5. Kulandira ntchito ndi kuwerengera. Zizindikiro zowunikira zimabwerera kudzera mu netiweki yotseguka ndi yotumizira ku unyolo wolandila. Deta yowerengera imakonza kusiyana kwa magawo ndi kukula komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kulekerera kwa zigawo, kutentha, kuchuluka kwa ma frequency ndi ukalamba.

Kuwongolera kwamagetsi kumatha kusuntha kuwala mofulumira kwambiri kuposa kuyikanso malo otseguka. Komabe, kuchuluka kothandiza kwa scan kumadaliranso nthawi ya mafunde, kuchedwa kwa kulamulira, kukonza ma signal ndi radar resource scheduler. Liwiro la chiwongolero cha antenna lokha silimatanthauzira kuchuluka kwa zolinga kapena ntchito zomwe radar yonse ingathe kuthandizira.

Nchifukwa chiyani chimatchedwa Passive Electronically Scanned Array

Mawu akuti passive amafotokoza kapangidwe ka RF pamalo otseguka. Mu PESA yachikhalidwe, zinthu za antenna sizili ndi gawo lonse lotumizira ndi kulandira. Unyolo wa RF wapakati umapereka ndikulandira mphamvu kudzera mu netiweki yotumizira, pomwe zigawo zowongolera gawo zimapanga kuwala. Gululi limafunikirabe mphamvu zamagetsi kuti liziwongolera, kusintha, kuziziritsa ndi ntchito zina.

Rada ya PESA ndi yosiyana ndi rada yopanda ntchito. Rada yopanda ntchito nthawi zambiri imazindikira kuwala kuchokera ku ma transmitter akunja kapena zowunikira zina zomwe zimapatsa mwayi. PESA ndi kapangidwe ka antenna ndi RF-distribution komwe kangagwiritsidwe ntchito mu rada yotumizira mwachangu. Kusokoneza matanthauzo awiriwa kumabweretsa zofunikira zolakwika pamakina.

Ndi Ma Parameter Ati Amene Amatsimikiza Kuchita kwa PESA

Mafotokozedwe othandiza kwambiri ndi matrix of performance over frequency, scan angle, polarization ndi operating condition. Gome ili m'munsimu likuwonetsa zinthu zomwe ziyenera kufotokozedwa musanayerekezere ma arrays kapena kupempha quotation.

Chifukwa Chiyani Magwiridwe Abwino Amasintha Ndi Ngodya Yojambulira

Gulu lokhala ndi magawo nthawi zambiri limakhala lamphamvu kwambiri pafupi ndi kuonekera bwino, njira yolunjika bwino ku malo otseguka. Pamene mtanda ukuyendetsedwa patali, malo otsegukawo amakhala ochepa mu njira yowunikira. Kapangidwe ka chinthucho kangaperekenso kuwala kochepa pa ngodya yolamulidwa. Zolakwika za chakudya, kulumikizana kogwirizana, kulekerera kwa kapangidwe kake ndi radome zitha kuwonjezera kusokonekera kwina.

Zotsatira zake zitha kuphatikizapo kutayika kwa scan, width width, shifted sidelobes, higher cross-polarization kapena pointing error. Kusinthaku sikujambulidwa ndi borelight gain value imodzi. Kuti gulu lizitha kusanthula ku ngodya inayake, pemphani deta ya gain ndi pattern pa borelight, ngodya imodzi kapena zingapo zapakati, ndi m'mphepete mwa gawo lofunikira. Bwerezani chekecho pa ma frequency otsika kwambiri, pakati komanso apamwamba kwambiri ogwirira ntchito.

Kutalikirana kwa zinthu kumafunika chisamaliro chapadera. Ngati mtunda uli waukulu kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kutalika kwa nthawi ndi ngodya yojambulira, malo osafunikira a grating lobes angalowe m'dera looneka. Kapangidwe kovomerezeka kumapeto kwa gululo kangagwire ntchito mosiyana pafupipafupi kwambiri, komwe mtunda womwewo umayimira kutalika kwa nthawi.

Kodi Bandwidth ndi Beam Squint Zimakhudza Bwanji PESA?

Makina ambiri a PESA amagwiritsa ntchito ma phase shifters kuti apange phase progression yomwe ili yolondola pa frequency yosankhidwa. Pamene frequency isintha, gawo lomwelo limatha kuloza beam ku ngodya yosiyana. Kusintha kumeneku komwe kumadalira frequency kumatchedwa beam squint. Kukula kwa zotsatira kumadalira bandwidth, scan angle, kapangidwe kake ndi mtundu wa netiweki yowongolera phase.

Chifukwa chake, kufunika kwa wideband kumafuna zambiri kuposa mawu ofotokozera pafupipafupi. Pemphani kuti muwonetsetse kuti pali beam pointing, gain, sidelobes ndi polarization pa pafupipafupi ndi scan angle. Mapangidwe ena amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zenizeni-nthawi-delay, njira za subarray kapena ma frequency-dependent corrections kuti achepetse kupendekera kwa beam, koma zosankhazo zimawonjezera kutayika kwawo, zovuta, kukula ndi zofunikira pakuwongolera.

Kodi Kutayika kwa Feed Network Kuli Kofunika Kuti?

Mu PESA yodziwika bwino yokhala ndi malo otseguka pogwiritsa ntchito malo otseguka, netiweki yotumizira imatenga nawo mbali m'njira zotumizira ndi zolandirira. Zogawa mphamvu, mizere yotumizira, ma waveguides, ma phase shifters, ma switch ndi ma transitions zonse zimathandiza kutayika kwa insertion. Pa transmission, kutayika kumeneku kumachepetsa mphamvu yoperekedwa ku malo otseguka ndikupanga kutentha. Pa receiver, kutayika patsogolo pa receiver kumatha kuchepetsa kukhudzidwa ndi mphamvu yogwira ntchito.

Kutayika kuyenera kulumikizidwa ku plane yowonekera bwino. Kupeza kwa antenna kotchulidwa kungachotse chingwe, cholumikizira chozungulira, kusintha kwa mafunde, netiweki yowongolera gawo kapena radome yomwe ilipo mu dongosolo loyikidwa. Pakulandila, yerekezerani deta yoyesedwa ndi mawonekedwe omwewo ndi plane yowunikira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu specification.

Kodi PESA Imatanthauza Kuthamanga Kumodzi Kapena Cholinga Chimodzi

Mafunso Asanu ndi Atatu Oyenera Kudzifunsa Musanaphatikize PESA Array

1. Ndi ma frequency ogwiritsira ntchito ndi ma bandwidths ofulumira omwe ayenera kuthandizidwa, ndipo ndi mfundo ziti zomwe ndizofunikira pa gawo lonse la scan yonse?
2. Kodi ndi azimuth ndi kukwera kotani komwe kumafunika, ndipo kodi kutsegula konse kwa chipangizocho kumakhazikika, kuzungulira kapena kusinthidwa mwanjira ina?
3. Kodi ndi malire otani a gain, EIRP, beamwidth, sidelobe ndi cross-polarization omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa boresight ndi pa maximum scan angle?
4. Kodi mphamvu ya peak, avareji ya mphamvu, kugunda kwa mtima ndi kayendedwe ka ntchito ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji ndi netiweki yotumizira ndi kutsegula?
5. Kodi ma transmit-power ndi recensitivity reference planes ali kuti, ndipo ndi ma cable, waveguide, phase-shifter ndi radome losses omwe akuphatikizidwa?
6. Kodi gululi lidzayesedwa bwanji pa ma frequency, kutentha ndi ngodya yojambulira, ndipo kodi kusuntha kudzazindikirika bwanji mukakhazikitsa?
7. Kodi ndi cholumikizira chiti, chitsogozo cha mafunde, choyikira, radome, kukula, kulemera ndi zoletsa zachilengedwe ziti zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kasinthidwe koyikidwa?
8. Ndi miyeso iti yomwe idzavomerezedwe, ndipo kodi kukhazikitsidwa kwa mayeso kudzabwerezanso momwe zinthu zilili polarization, frequency, power ndi scan?

PESA ndi AESA Zimapereka Zosankha Zosiyanasiyana za Kapangidwe

PESA ndi radar yogwiritsidwa ntchito pakompyuta yojambulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamagetsi (electronically scanned array radar) zonse zimagwiritsa ntchito maubwenzi a magawo olamulidwa kuti ziwongolere kuwala. Kusiyana kwawo kwakukulu ndi komwe kupanga ndi kulandira ma RF ogwira ntchito kumachitika. PESA nthawi zambiri imayendetsa kapangidwe ka transmitter ndi receiver kudzera mu netiweki yodyetsa ndi ma phase shifters. AESA imagawa ma module ambiri ogwirira ntchito otumizira ndi kulandira kudzera mu aperture kapena ma subarrays ake. Kukhazikitsa kwa beamforming—analog, hybrid kapena digital—ndi gawo losiyana la kapangidwe ndipo sikuyenera kuonedwa ngati lofanana ndi kusiyana kwa PESA/AESA.

AESA ikhoza kupereka kuchulukirachulukira kwa mafunde, kusinthasintha kwa mafunde komanso kukonza nthawi mwachangu, komanso imapanga zofunikira pakugawa mphamvu, kuziziritsa, kuwerengera ndi kuwongolera ma module. PESA ikhoza kukhala yothandiza ngati kapangidwe ka RF kokhazikika kakwaniritsa zofunikira za cholinga ndi kuphatikiza. Kuti mumve zambiri za kapangidwe ka zomangamanga, werengani za RF MISO.Kuyerekeza kwa radar ya AESA ndi PESAKusankha kolondola kuyenera kutengera zofunikira zoyezeka m'malo moganiza kuti chidule chimodzi nthawi zonse chimakhala chabwino.

Kodi PESA Array Iyenera Kuyesedwa ndi Kulandiridwa Motani?

Mayeso ovomereza ayenera kubwerezanso mikhalidwe yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito muzofotokozera za magwiridwe antchito. Osachepera, lembani ma frequency points, polarization, malamulo ojambulira, mulingo wa mphamvu, duty cycle, calibration state, radome condition ndi RF reference plane. Yesani kapena tsimikizirani gain, beamwidth, pointing accuracy, sidelobes ndi cross-polarization pa ma representative scan angles.

Kuchuluka kwa malo ndi momwe zinthu zimakhalira zimatengera kukula kwa malo otseguka, kuchuluka kwa malo ndi cholinga choyezera. Njira zakutali, zocheperako kapena zapafupi zingakhale zoyenera. RF MISO'skuthekera koyesa antennaFotokozani zinthu zoyenera kuyeza, koma njira yomaliza ndi bajeti yosatsimikizika ziyenera kuvomerezedwa mayeso ovomereza asanayambe.

Thandizo la RF MISO pa Kuwunika kwa Array Antenna

RF MISO ndi kampani yopanga ma antenna a RF ndi microwave yomwe imathandizira kafukufuku wa ma antenna, muyeso, ndi kuphatikiza makina. RF MISO sipereka radar yathunthu ya PESA ngati chinthu chokhazikika cha ma antenna. Kukambirana koyenera kwa uinjiniya kumayamba ndi zofunikira za antenna, feed, ndi mawonekedwe zomwe zitha kutsimikiziridwa motsutsana ndi band yodziwika bwino ya ma frequency, polarization, gain, beamwidth, ndi mechanical envelopu.

Mainjiniya akhoza kuwonanso RF MISOzinthu za antenna za arrayndima antenna ozungulirangati poyambira zokambirana za zigawo ndi kutsegula. Zinthu zomwe zilipo sizipanga radar ya PESA yokha, ndipo kuyenerera kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa motsutsana ndi kapangidwe ka makina onse.

Pakukambirana koyamba kwaukadaulo, perekani gulu logwirira ntchito, bandwidth yofulumira, polarization, required gain, scan sector, sidelobe target, peak ndi average power, RF interface, aperture size, mounting closure, client conditions, acceptance-test expectation expectations. Izi zimathandiza gulu la mainjiniya kuzindikira njira zina zoyesera zomwe zimafuna kuwunikanso kwina.

Send the project requirements to info@rf-miso.com or Lumikizanani ndi RF MISOkudzera pa webusaitiyi.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Kodi PESA imayimira chiyani

PESA imayimira passive electronically scanned array. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito RF transmit/receiver architecture yofanana ndi yapakati, feed network ndi controlled phase shifts kuti iyendetse kuwala kudutsa antenna aperture.

Nchifukwa chiyani PESA imatchedwa kuti passive ngati ikupereka mphamvu?

Passive imafotokoza kusakhalapo kwa gawo lonse lotumizira ndi kulandira pa chinthu chilichonse cha antenna. Radar imagwiritsabe ntchito RF yoyendetsedwa ndi mphamvu, kulamulira, kuwerengera ndi zida zoziziritsira.

Kodi radar ya PESA ingatsatire zolinga zingapo?

Ikhoza, kutengera nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito ma beam, kubwerezanso nthawi, kapangidwe ka ma waveform, njira zolandirira ndi kukonza. Chizindikiro cha PESA chokha sichimafotokoza mphamvu ya cholinga.

Kodi PESA ndi yofanana ndi antenna ya phased array

PESA ndi kapangidwe ka RF kokhala ndi magawo angapo, pomwe kapangidwe ka phased ndi lingaliro lalikulu la antenna. AESA ndi kapangidwe kena ka RF. Kupanga kwa beamforming kwa analog, hybrid ndi digital kumafotokoza momwe kupanga beamforming kumachitikira ndikupanga gawo losiyana la magulu m'malo mwa njira zina zofanana ndi PESA kapena AESA.

Ndi deta iti yomwe iyenera kufufuzidwa pa ngodya yayikulu kwambiri yojambulira

Chongani kutayika kwa gain kapena scan, beamwidth, pointing accuracy, sidelobes, cross-polarization ndi impedance pa ma frequency ofunikira komanso ma configuration omwe adayikidwa.

Kodi PESA ingakhale chisankho chothandiza liti?

PESA ikhoza kukhala yothandiza ngati chiwongolero chamagetsi chikufunika ndipo unyolo wa RF wapakati ungakwaniritse zofunikira pa bandwidth, scan, mphamvu, kudalirika, kutentha ndi kukonza. Chisankhochi chiyenera kutsatira miyezo ya makina ndi zoletsa za moyo.