Mu mutu wapitawu, tinakambirana za mawonekedwe a ma radiation. Kuti tiwunikire bwino ma radiation a antenna, mfundo yofotokozera ikufunika. Ma radiation a antenna ya isotropic amakwaniritsa udindowu.
Tanthauzo
Ma radiation a Isotropic amatanthauza ma radiation ochokera ku gwero la mfundo lomwe limafalikira mofanana mbali zonse, ndi mphamvu yomweyo mosasamala kanthu za njira yoyezera. Kuwongolera kwa mawonekedwe a ma radiation a antenna nthawi zonse kumayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma radiation a isotropic ngati chizindikiro. Ngati ma radiation ali ofanana mbali zonse, amatchedwa ma radiation a isotropic.
• Gwero la mfundo ndi chitsanzo cha radiator ya isotropic. Komabe, ma radiation a isotropic otere ndi osatheka kuwapeza, chifukwa antenna iliyonse imatulutsa mphamvu zake ndi malangizo enaake.
•Ma radiation a Isotropic kwenikweni ndi ofanana ndi ma radiation a omnidirectional.
•Ikawonedwa mu 3D, imakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi donati; ikawonedwa mu 2D, imakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi nambala eyiti.
Chithunzi pamwambapa chikuwonetsa mawonekedwe a radiator ya isotropic (kapena omnidirectional). Chithunzi 1 chikuwonetsa mawonekedwe a donati mu 3D, pomwe Chithunzi 2 chikuwonetsa mawonekedwe a nambala eyiti mu 2D.
Phindu
Radiator ya isotropic imakhala ndi unity gain, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti gain factor ndi 1 mbali zonse. Ikafotokozedwa mu ma decibel (dB), izi zimatchedwa 0 dB gain (zero loss).
Mphamvu Yofanana ya Isotropically Radiated (EIRP)
Malinga ndi tanthauzo lokhazikika, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yotulutsidwa ndi antenna ya isotropic kuti ipange kuchuluka kwa mphamvu komwe kumawonedwa poyang'ana kuchuluka kwa antenna kumatchedwa Mphamvu Yofanana ya Isotropically Radiated.
Pamene mphamvu yowala ya antenna yakhazikika mbali imodzi kapena mbali inayake, ndipo kuwala komwe kuli mbali imeneyo kuli kofanana ndi mphamvu yowala ya isotropic ya antenna, kuwala kumeneku kumatchedwa EIRP.
Phindu
Ngakhale kuti ma radiation a isotropic ndi njira yokhayo yodziwira, amaimira ma radiation abwino kwambiri omwe antenna ingapeze. Antena yotereyi imakhala ndi phindu la 3 dBi, pomwe 3 dB ikufanana ndi factor ya 2, ndipo "i" imatanthauza ma multiple poyerekeza ndi vuto la isotropic.
Ngati kuwala kwa antenna kumayang'ana mbali ina, EIRP imawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa antenna. Kuchuluka kwa antenna kumachitika bwino kwambiri poika kuwala kwake mbali imodzi.
Mphamvu Yogwira Ntchito Yowala (ERP)
Ngati mphamvu yowala yawerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito antenna ya half-wave dipole m'malo mwa antenna ya isotropic, imatchedwa Effective Radiated Power (ERP).
ERP(dBW)=EIRP(dBW)−2.15 dBi
Ngati EIRP imadziwika, ERP ikhoza kuwerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito fomula yomwe yaperekedwa pamwambapa.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza ma antenna, chonde pitani ku:
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-17-2026
