Cholumikizira cha mlongoti ndi cholumikizira chamagetsi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza zida zamawayilesi ndi zingwe.Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikutumiza ma siginecha apamwamba kwambiri.
Cholumikizira chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri ofananirako, omwe amatsimikizira kuti kuwunikira ndi kutayika kwa siginecha kumachepetsedwa pakupatsirana pakati pa cholumikizira ndi chingwe.Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chitetezo chabwino choteteza kusokoneza kwamagetsi kwakunja kuti zisakhudze mtundu wa chizindikiro.
Mitundu yolumikizira mlongoti wamba imaphatikizapo SMA, BNC, N-mtundu, TNC, ndi zina, zomwe ndizoyenera pazofunikira zosiyanasiyana.
Nkhaniyi ikuwonetsaninso zolumikizira zingapo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri:
Mafupipafupi ogwiritsa ntchito cholumikizira
Cholumikizira cha SMA
Cholumikizira cha SMA cha RF coaxial ndi cholumikizira cha RF/microwave chopangidwa ndi Bendix ndi Omni-Spectra kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1950.Inali imodzi mwa zolumikizira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri panthawiyo.
Poyambirira, zolumikizira za SMA zidagwiritsidwa ntchito pazingwe za 0.141 ″ semi-rigid coaxial, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina a microwave m'makampani ankhondo, okhala ndi Teflon dielectric fill.
Chifukwa cholumikizira cha SMA ndi chaching'ono kukula kwake ndipo chimatha kugwira ntchito pama frequency apamwamba (ma frequency osiyanasiyana ndi DC mpaka 18GHz ikalumikizidwa ndi zingwe zolimba, ndi DC mpaka 12.4GHz ikalumikizidwa ndi zingwe zosinthika), ikudziwika mwachangu.Makampani ena tsopano akutha kupanga zolumikizira za SMA kuzungulira DC ~ 27GHz.Ngakhale kukula kwa ma millimeter wave zolumikizira (monga 3.5mm, 2.92mm) kumaganizira kuyanjana kwamakina ndi zolumikizira za SMA.
Cholumikizira cha SMA
BNC cholumikizira
Dzina lonse la cholumikizira cha BNC ndi Bayonet Nut Connector (cholumikizira chojambulira, dzinali limafotokoza bwino mawonekedwe a cholumikizira ichi), chomwe chidatchulidwa pambuyo pa makina ake otsekera a bayonet ndi omwe adayambitsa Paul Neill ndi Carl Concelman.
ndi cholumikizira wamba cha RF chomwe chimachepetsa kuwunikira / kutayika kwa mafunde.Zolumikizira za BNC nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito motsika mpaka pakati ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina opanda zingwe, ma TV, zida zoyesera, ndi zida zamagetsi za RF.
Zolumikizira za BNC zidagwiritsidwanso ntchito pamakompyuta oyambilira.Cholumikizira cha BNC chimathandizira ma frequency a siginecha kuyambira 0 mpaka 4GHz, koma imathanso kugwira ntchito mpaka 12GHz ngati mtundu wapadera wapamwamba wopangidwira pafupipafupiwu ugwiritsidwa ntchito.Pali mitundu iwiri ya impedance, yomwe ndi 50 ohms ndi 75 ohms.50 ohm BNC zolumikizira ndizodziwika kwambiri.
Cholumikizira cha N
Cholumikizira cha mlongoti wa N-mtundu chinapangidwa ndi Paul Neal ku Bell Labs m'ma 1940.Zolumikizira za Type N poyambilira zidapangidwa kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zankhondo ndi ndege zolumikizira makina a radar ndi zida zina zamawayilesi.Chojambulira chamtundu wa N chimapangidwa ndi cholumikizira cha ulusi, chopereka chofananira bwino ndi chitetezo, ndipo ndichoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri komanso kutsika pafupipafupi.
Mafupipafupi a zolumikizira za Type N nthawi zambiri zimatengera kapangidwe kake ndi miyezo yopangira.Nthawi zambiri, zolumikizira zamtundu wa N zimatha kuphimba ma frequency osiyanasiyana kuchokera ku 0 Hz (DC) mpaka 11 GHz mpaka 18 GHz.Komabe, zolumikizira zamtundu wa N-zapamwamba zimatha kuthandizira ma frequency apamwamba, kufika pa 18 GHz.Muzogwiritsira ntchito, zolumikizira zamtundu wa N zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagwiritsidwe otsika mpaka apakatikati, monga kulumikizana ndi zingwe, kuwulutsa, kulumikizana kwa satellite ndi makina a radar.
N cholumikizira
TNC cholumikizira
Cholumikizira cha TNC (Threaded Neill-Concelman) chinapangidwa ndi Paul Neill ndi Carl Concelman koyambirira kwa 1960s.Ndi mtundu wowongoka wa cholumikizira cha BNC ndipo umagwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikizira ulusi.
Impedans yodziwika bwino ndi 50 ohms, ndipo mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri ogwiritsira ntchito ndi 0-11GHz.Mu band ya ma frequency a microwave, zolumikizira za TNC zimagwira ntchito bwino kuposa zolumikizira za BNC.Ili ndi mawonekedwe amphamvu kukana kugwedezeka, kudalirika kwakukulu, zida zabwino zamakina ndi zamagetsi, ndi zina zambiri, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zamawayilesi ndi zida zamagetsi zolumikizira zingwe za RF coaxial.
3.5mm cholumikizira
Cholumikizira cha 3.5mm ndi cholumikizira cha ma radio frequency coaxial.M'mimba mwake wamkati wa conductor wakunja ndi 3.5mm, cholepheretsa mawonekedwe ndi 50Ω, ndipo njira yolumikizira ndi 1 / 4-36UNS-2 inchi ulusi.
Pakatikati mwa zaka za m'ma 1970, makampani a American Hewlett-Packard ndi Amphenol (makamaka opangidwa ndi HP Company, ndipo kupanga koyambirira kunachitika ndi Amphenol Company) anayambitsa cholumikizira cha 3.5mm, chomwe chimakhala ndi maulendo othamanga mpaka 33GHz ndipo ndicho choyambirira kwambiri. ma radio frequency omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu millimeter wave band.Chimodzi mwa zolumikizira coaxial.
Poyerekeza ndi zolumikizira za SMA (kuphatikiza Southwest Microwave's "Super SMA"), zolumikizira za 3.5mm zimagwiritsa ntchito dielectric, zimakhala ndi zolumikizira zakunja zokulirapo kuposa zolumikizira za SMA, ndipo zimakhala ndi mphamvu zama makina.Chifukwa chake, sikuti magwiridwe antchito amagetsi okha ndi abwino kuposa a zolumikizira za SMA, koma kulimba kwamakina ndi kubwerezabwereza kumakhalanso kwapamwamba kuposa zolumikizira za SMA, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa.
2.92mm cholumikizira
Cholumikizira cha 2.92mm, opanga ena amachitcha 2.9mm kapena cholumikizira chamtundu wa K, ndipo opanga ena amachitcha SMK, KMC, WMP4 cholumikizira, ndi zina zambiri, ndi cholumikizira chawayilesi cholumikizira chokhala ndi cholumikizira chakunja chamkati cha 2.92mm.Makhalidwe Kulepheretsa ndi 50Ω ndipo njira yolumikizira ndi 1/4-36UNS-2 inchi ulusi.Mapangidwe ake ndi ofanana ndi cholumikizira cha 3.5mm, chocheperako.
Mu 1983, injiniya wamkulu wa Wiltron William.Old.Field anapanga cholumikizira chatsopano cha 2.92mm/K kutengera mwachidule ndi kugonjetsa zolumikizira zomwe zidayambitsidwa kale mamilimita mafunde (cholumikizira chamtundu wa K ndi chizindikiro).M'mimba mwake yamkati ya cholumikizira ichi ndi 1.27mm ndipo imatha kulumikizidwa ndi zolumikizira za SMA ndi zolumikizira 3.5mm.
Cholumikizira cha 2.92mm chili ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri yamagetsi pama frequency osiyanasiyana (0-46) GHz ndipo chimagwira ntchito ndi zolumikizira za SMA ndi zolumikizira 3.5mm.Zotsatira zake, idakhala imodzi mwazolumikizira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi mmWave.
2.4mm cholumikizira
Kukula kwa cholumikizira cha 2.4mm kunachitika limodzi ndi HP (omwe adatsogolera Keysight Technologies), Amphenol ndi M/A-COM.Itha kuganiziridwa ngati mtundu wocheperako wa cholumikizira cha 3.5mm, kotero pali kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwafupipafupi.Cholumikizira ichi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina a 50GHz ndipo amatha kugwira ntchito mpaka 60GHz.Pofuna kuthetsa vuto lomwe SMA ndi 2.92mm zolumikizira zimakhala zosavuta kuwonongeka, cholumikizira cha 2.4mm chimapangidwa kuti chithetse zofooka izi powonjezera makulidwe a khoma lakunja la cholumikizira ndikulimbitsa zikhomo zazikazi.Mapangidwe apamwambawa amalola cholumikizira cha 2.4mm kuti chizigwira bwino ntchito zama frequency apamwamba.
Kukula kwa zolumikizira za mlongoti kwachokera ku mapangidwe osavuta a ulusi kupita ku mitundu ingapo ya zolumikizira zogwira ntchito kwambiri.Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa teknoloji, zolumikizira zikupitirizabe kutsata makhalidwe ang'onoang'ono, maulendo apamwamba ndi bandwidth yaikulu kuti akwaniritse zosowa zosinthika za kuyankhulana opanda waya.Cholumikizira chilichonse chili ndi mawonekedwe ake komanso zabwino zake pamachitidwe osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito, kotero kusankha cholumikizira choyenera cha mlongoti ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire mtundu ndi kukhazikika kwa kutumizira ma siginecha.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-26-2023
