Kodi Aperture Yogwira Ntchito ya Antena Ndi Chiyani?
Thekutsegula bwino kwa antenna, yotchedwansomalo ogwira ntchito (Ae), akufotokoza momwe antenna yolandira imagwirira bwino mphamvu kuchokera ku mafunde amagetsi omwe amachitika mwadzidzidzi. Ndi malo ofanana olandirira, osati kwenikweni kutsegula kwenikweni kwa antenna.
Pa mafunde a ndege omwe amagwirizana ndi polarization omwe akuchokera mbali yomwe alandiridwa kwambiri, kutsegula bwino kumalumikiza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chochitikacho ndi mphamvu yomwe ilipo pama terminal a antenna.
If Sndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimachitika mu W/m2ndiPrKodi mphamvu yolandirira yomwe ikupezeka mu ma watts ndi iti:
Pr= SAe
Chitseko chachikulu chogwira ntchito bwino chimasonkhanitsa mphamvu zambiri kuchokera ku gawo lomwelo la ngozi, bola ngati njira yofikira ndi polarization zikugwirizana.
Kutsegula bwino kwa ma radiation ndi kutayika kwa ma antenna, kuphatikizapo kutayika kwa conductor ndi dielectric. Chifukwa chake, imayesa magwiridwe antchito olandirira osati kukula kwenikweni kokha. Kugwira bwino ntchito kwa ma aperture, kusagwirizana kwa impedance ndi kusagwirizana kwa polarization zonse zimatha kuchepetsa mphamvu yoperekedwa kwa wolandila.
Fomula Yogwira Ntchito Yotsegula ndi Kupeza Ma Antena
Kutseguka kwakukulu kwa antenna iliyonse kumadalira kukula kwake.Gndi kutalika kwa thamboλndi:
Ae= Gλ2/(4π)
Gwiritsani ntchito phindu ngati chiŵerengero cha mzere, osati dBi, mu equation iyi. Sinthani phindu ndiG = 10G(dBi)/10Chifukwa kutalika kwa mafunde ndi kofananac/f, kutsegula bwino kumachepa ndi kuchuluka kwa mafunde pamene kukwera kwa mafunde kumakhala kosalekeza.
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ma antenna okhala ndi chivundikiro chomwecho amatha kupeza phindu lalikulu pa mafunde afupiafupi pamene mphamvu ya chivundikirocho ikufanana. Ubale umenewu umathandiza mainjiniya kuyerekeza mphamvu yolandirira kudzera m'mafunde osiyanasiyana.
Momwe Kutsegula Kogwira Mtima Kumadziwira
Kutseguka kogwira mtima kumatha kuwerengedwa kuchokera ku kuchuluka koyezedwa, kutsimikiziridwa poyerekeza ndi antenna yowunikira, kapena kuganiziridwa kuchokera ku miyeso ya mphamvu yolandira yolinganizidwa. Zotsatira zake zimakhala zothandiza mu bajeti ya ulalo, miyeso ya antenna ndi kuyerekezera kwa kukhudzidwa kwa dongosolo.
Kuti mugwiritse ntchito poyeza, onani ma RF MISOma antenna okhazikika a nyanga yokwera, zomwe zimapereka phindu lodziwika bwino kuposa ma frequency band omwe atchulidwa.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Chitseko Chogwira Mtima mu Friis Transmission Equation
TheChiyerekezo cha kufalikira kwa Friisimalumikiza mphamvu yotumizira, kukwera kwa antenna, kutalika kwa mafunde ndi mtunda wolekanitsidwa mu ulalo wakutali wa malo opanda kanthu.Gtphindu lolandiraGr, kutalika kwa mtundaλndi mtundaR, imayesa mphamvu yomwe ilipo pa antenna yolandirira.
Kugwiritsa ntchitoPr= SAeAntena yotumizira imawonetsa bwino udindo wa chotsegulira cholandirira: antenna yotumizira imakhazikitsa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu pa cholandirira, ndipo antenna yolandirayo imasintha gawo la mundawo kukhala mphamvu ya terminal.
Kupeza Fomula Yotumizira ya Friis
Taganizirani ma antenna awiri olekanitsidwa ndi mtundaRpamalo opanda choletsa. Antena yolandira iyenera kukhala kutali kwa chotumizira, ndipo antena ziyenera kukhala molunjika komanso mozungulira.
If PtMa watts amaperekedwa ku antenna yoyenera yotumizira ya isotropic, ndipo mphamvu imafalikira pamwamba pa bolodi.R, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya zochitika ndi:
Chithunzi 1. Ma Antena otumiza (Tx) ndi olandila (Rx) olekanitsidwa ndiR.
Kuti mupeze antenna yotumizira yothandiza komanso yothandizaGtKuyang'ana wolandila, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chochitika kumawonjezeka ndi chinthu chowonjezera:
Ngati antenna yolandira ili ndi kutsegula kogwira mtimaAe, mphamvu yolandiridwa yomwe ilipo ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yochitika kuchulukitsidwa ndiAe:
Kuyika ubale wa gain-aperture m'malo mwa antenna yolandira kumapereka:
Chifukwa chake mphamvu yolandiridwayo ikhoza kulembedwa mu mawonekedwe odziwika bwino a free-space:
Chiyerekezo 1.Friis transmission equation malinga ndi kutalika kwa mafunde.
Chiyerekezo 1Zimakhudzana ndi mphamvu yotumizira, kukwera kwa antenna, kutalika kwa mafunde ndi mtunda wolekanitsa. Ndi yoyenera kufalikira kwa malo opanda mawonekedwe m'malo akutali. Machitidwe enieni amafunikira mawu owonjezera pakutayika kwa chingwe, kutayika kwa cholumikizira, cholakwika cholozera, kuchepa kwa mpweya ndi zotsatira zina zofalikira.
Fomu ya Frequency ya Friis Equation
Chifukwaλ = c/f, equation ikhozanso kufotokozedwa motsatira kuchuluka kwa nthawi:
Chiyerekezo 2.Chiyerekezo cha kufalikira kwa Friis malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ma frequency.
Momwe Mafupipafupi Amakhudzira Mphamvu Yolandiridwa
Pamene kuwonjezeka kwa ma antenna ndi mtunda sizikupitirira, equation ya Friis imaneneratu kuti mphamvu yolandirira imachepetsa pamene ma frequency akuwonjezeka chifukwa kutalika kwa mafunde kumakhala kochepa. Kuyerekeza kumeneku kumatanthauza kuchuluka komweko kwa ma frequency aliwonse.
Komabe, kwa ma antenna omwe ali ndi malo otseguka okhazikika, kuchuluka kwa mafunde kumawonjezeka pamene kutalika kwa mafunde kumachepa. Chifukwa chake, maulalo a mafunde amphamvu komanso ma millimeter amatha kugwira ntchito bwino ndi ma antenna olunjika, okwera mtengo, bola ngati bajeti ya maulumikizidwewo imayang'aniranso kulondola kwa malo, kuyamwa kwa mpweya, mvula ndi kutayika kwa zida.
Gwiritsani ntchito Friis equation ngati malo omasuka osati chitsanzo chathunthu chofalitsa. Imagwiritsa ntchito ntchito yakutali, mzere wowoneka bwino komanso ma antenna olumikizidwa bwino.
Kusagwirizana kwa Polarization
Ngati ma antenna otumizira ndi olandira sakugwirizana ndi polarization, chulukitsani mphamvu yolandiridwa yoyenera ndi polarization loss factor (PLF). Pa ma vectors okhazikika a polarization, PLF imayambira pa 0 mpaka 1; mtengo wa 1 ukuyimira kufanana kwangwiro. Fomu yodziwika bwino pansipa ikuphatikizapo mawu osagwirizana awa.
Chiyerekezo 3.Chiyerekezo cha kutumiza kwa Friis chodziwika bwino kuphatikizapo kusagwirizana kwa polarization.
Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri
- Kutsegula bwino kwa mphamvu kumasintha kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zachitika kukhala mphamvu yomwe imapezeka.
- Kuti mupeze phinduGndi kutalika kwa thamboλ, Ae= Gλ2/(4π).
- Gwiritsani ntchito linear gain, osati dBi, mu aperture ndi Friis calculations.
- Friis imagwira ntchito pa maulalo akutali, owoneka bwino; bajeti yothandiza yolumikizira imafuna kutayika kwina.
RF MISO imaperekama antenna okhazikika a nyanga yokwerandi njira zina zothetsera ma antenna a RF poyezera, kuwerengera ndi kuphatikiza makina.Lumikizanani ndi RF MISOkukambirana za kuchuluka kwa ma frequency, phindu ndi zofunikira pa mawonekedwe.
Imelo:info@rf-miso.com
Foni: 0086-028-82695327
Nthawi yotumizira: Januwale-08-2024
